| SQL Server 中Inner join 和where的效率差异 |
| [ 作者:佚名 转贴自:网络转载 阅读次数:91 更新时间:2007-5-10 15:01:00 录入:刘光勇 ] 热 |
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在生成报表时,客户感觉太慢,于是,各处检查,看可否提示效率。界面上的都改进了,提升不大。如是在SQL 语句上下功夫。
先在网上Google搜索“Join 与 Where 效率”以及察看SQL Server 帮助文档,希望能获得“捷径”些的优化思路。
搜索的结果是,各大论坛。总体上总结出来时说:对小数据量(<N万)的来说效率几乎无差异,更有说法说Inner join 和Where只是SQL标准不同,在查询分析器中SQL Server查询分析器是将Where直接转换为Join后查询的。
如是有了如下比较结果(均在查询分析器中查询和计时):
语句(1)
declare @operatorName nvarchar(50)
set @operatorName = '%'
select distinct item.* from item , customer_item , customer_operator ,operator
where item.itemcode = customer_item.itemCode
and customer_item.customerCode = customer_operator.customerCode
and customer_operator.operatorId = customer_operator.operatorId
and operator.operatorName like @operatorName
and item.deleted = 0 and customer_item.deleted = 0 and customer_operator.deleted = 0
查询结果,74行,共时间0:00:04
语句(2)
declare @operatorName nvarchar(50)
set @operatorName = '%'
select distinct item.* from item inner join customer_item
on item.itemcode = customer_item.itemCode
inner join customer_operator on customer_item.customerCode = customer_operator.customerCode
inner join operator on customer_operator.operatorId = operator.operatorId
where operator.operatorName like @operatorName
and item.deleted = 0 and customer_item.deleted = 0 and customer_operator.deleted = 0
共74行,时间0:00:01
后检查发现语句(1)中有一个重复自查询条件 :customer_operator.operatorId = customer_operator.operatorId
将其叶加到语句(2)中。
语句(3)
declare @operatorName nvarchar(50)
set @operatorName = '%'
select distinct item.* from item inner join customer_item
on item.itemcode = customer_item.itemCode
inner join customer_operator on customer_item.customerCode = customer_operator.customerCode
inner join operator on customer_operator.operatorId = operator.operatorId
where operator.operatorName like @operatorName
and item.deleted = 0 and customer_item.deleted = 0 and customer_operator.deleted = 0
and customer_operator.operatorId = customer_operator.operatorId
所用时间和结果都为74行,时间0:00:01。
将语句(1)中的去掉该条件后成为语句(4):
declare @operatorName nvarchar(50)
set @operatorName = '%'
select distinct item.* from item , customer_item , customer_operator ,operator
where item.itemcode = customer_item.itemCode
and customer_item.customerCode = customer_operator.customerCode
--and customer_operator.operatorId = customer_operator.operatorId
and operator.operatorName like @operatorName
and item.deleted = 0 and customer_item.deleted = 0 and customer_operator.deleted = 0
时间和结果为74行,时间0:00:01。终于发现了些他们的差异。
结论
尽量使用Join 而不是Where来列出关联条件,特别是多个表联合的时候。
原因是:
(1)在效率上,Where可能具有和Inner join一样的效率。但基本可以肯定的(通过SQLServer帮助和其它资料,以及本测试)是Join的效率不比Where差。
(2)使用Join可以帮助检查语句中的无效或者误写的关联条件
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